Nursing Compass

❤️ Blood Supply to the Heart ❤️ A Comprehensive Guide for Nursing Students 👋 Hello future nurses! Understanding the coronary circulation is fundamental to cardiovascular nursing. The heart may pump blood to the entire body, but it also needs its own dedicated blood supply to function properly. 📚 In this guide, we'll explore the arteries and veins that keep the heart muscle alive, along with clinical implications you'll encounter in practice. 🫀 Coronary Arteries The coronary arteries are the first branches of the aorta and supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle (myocardium). 🏔️ Aortic Root → Coronary Ostia 1 Blood exits left ventricle through a...

Nursing Guide: Cholelithiasis Cholelithiasis: A Comprehensive Nursing Guide Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Patient Management Introduction Cholelithiasis, or gallstones, refers to the presence of hardened deposits (calculi) in the gallbladder. These stones form from bile components, primarily cholesterol or bilirubin, that have precipitated out of solution [citation:1][citation:2]. Gallstones are one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, affecting over 20 million adults in the United States alone, with a higher prevalence in women and increasing incidence with age [citation:1][citation:5]. While many cases are asymptomatic, gallstones can lead to significant complications such as biliary colic, cholecystitis, cholangitis, and pancreatitis, making them a frequent cause of hospital admissions [citation:1][citation:6]. Pathophysiology and Types of Gallstones Gal...

Below is a more detailed explanation of the vascular changes described, focusing on what happens at the placental site in the postpartum uterus. These changes are part of the normal involution process and help ensure that bleeding is controlled after the placenta is delivered. 1. Context: The Placental Site and Uterine Involution Placental site : During pregnancy, the uterus develops a rich blood supply to support the placenta and the fetus. Spiral arteries (branches of the uterine arteries) supply blood to the intervillous space of the placenta. After delivery of the placenta, the body must quickly and effectively seal off these large vessels to prevent excessive bleeding. Uterine involution : This refers to the return of the uterus to its nonpregnant size and state. It involves both muscular contraction and a series of histological changes that promote hemostasis (stopping of bleeding) at the placental site. 2. Key Vascular Changes at the Placental Site Arterial con...

🪄  IMPORTANT O.B.G MANEUVER'S : 👇👇 1. McRobert's Maneuver : Relaxes the pubic symphysis to facilitate fetal delivery. 2. Gaskin Maneuver : Helps to rotate the fetal head during delivery 3. Ritgen Maneuver : Assists in delivering the fetal head during a vaginal delivery. 4. Burns Marshall Maneuver : Used to deliver the fetal shoulders during a vaginal delivery. 5. Pinnard Maneuver : Helps to deliver the fetal head during a breech delivery. 6. Zavanelli Maneuver : Pushes the fetal head back into the birth canal to perform an emergency cesarean section. 7. *"Prague Maneuver**: Used to deliver the fetal head during a breech delivery.           8. Loveset Maneuver : Helps to deliver the fetal shoulders during a vaginal delivery. 9. Wood's Corkscrew Maneuver : Assists in delivering the fetal head during a breech delivery 10. Rubin Maneuver : Helps to deliver the fetal head during a vaginal delivery. 11. Mauriceau Maneuver : Used to deliver the...

Here is the extracted text from the image: Section 7: Abnormalities of Pregnancy, Labor and Puerperium AMNIOTIC FLUID EMBOLISM This condition occurs when amniotic fluid enters the maternal circulation through a tear in the membranes or placenta. The body responds in two phases—The initial phase is one of vasospasm causing hypoxia, hypotension and cardiovascular collapse. The second phase is the development of left ventricular failure, with hemorrhage and coagulation disorder followed by pulmonary edema. Mortality and morbidity are very high. The presence of thromboplastin rich liquor amnii in the maternal circulation blocks the pulmonary arteries and triggers the complex coagulation mechanism leading to DIC. There will be severe clotting defect with profuse bleeding per vagina or through the venepuncture sites due to consumption of coagulation factors. Predisposing Factors Amniotic fluid embolism can occur at any stage in gestation. It is mostly associated with labor, though ...

The Amazing Placenta and Fetal Membranes : A Nursing Student's Comprehensive Guide Pregnancy is a marvel of biology, and at the heart of it lies a temporary yet vital organ: the placenta. Alongside the protective fetal membranes, the placenta acts as the lifeline for the developing baby. As a nursing student, understanding these structures in detail is crucial for providing informed and effective care. Let's dive deep into the fascinating world of the placenta and fetal membranes! (Keywords: placenta, fetal membranes, pregnancy, nursing student, umbilical cord, amniotic fluid, chorion, amnion, yolk sac, allantois, fetal development, maternal-fetal exchange, placental function, pregnancy complications) Laying the Foundation: Formation of the Placenta and Fetal Membranes The journey begins with fertilization . The resulting zygote undergoes rapid cell division, forming a blastocyst . This blastocyst, with its outer layer (trophoblast) and inner cell mass (embryoblast), imp...