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Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) - All important points

🩸 HIGH-YIELD TOPIC: DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION (DIC) 🩸 Highly important for  Critical Care nursing sections. This is a complex "secondary" disorder. 📌 WHAT IS DIC? A life-threatening condition where the body's clotting mechanism breaks down. 👉 Paradox: Massive clotting occurs first, followed by massive bleeding. 👉 It is NOT a primary disease: It is always a complication of another condition (Sepsis, Trauma, Abruptio Placentae). 📌 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Trigger (Sepsis/Trauma) → Excessive Thrombin generation → Widespread Micro-clots in capillaries → Depletion of Clotting Factors & Platelets → UNCONTROLLED BLEEDING. 📍 Key point: Organ failure happens because micro-clots block blood flow to kidneys, lungs, and brain. 📌 CAUSES (THE "TRIGGERS") 🔹 Sepsis: Most common cause (especially Gram-negative). 🔹 Obstetric Complications: Abruptio Placentae, Amniotic fluid embolism. 🔹 Major Trauma/Burns. 🔹 Cancer: Acute Leukemia. 🔹 Incompatible Bl...
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Important OBG Maneuver's | McRobert , Gaskin

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IMPORTANT O.B.G MANEUVER'S

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1. McRobert's Maneuver: Relaxes the pubic symphysis to facilitate fetal delivery.

2. Gaskin Maneuver: Helps to rotate the fetal head during delivery

3. Ritgen Maneuver: Assists in delivering the fetal head during a vaginal delivery.

4. Burns Marshall Maneuver: Used to deliver the fetal shoulders during a vaginal delivery.

5. Pinnard Maneuver: Helps to deliver the fetal head during a breech delivery.

6. Zavanelli Maneuver: Pushes the fetal head back into the birth canal to perform an emergency cesarean section.

7. *"Prague Maneuver**: Used to deliver the fetal head during a breech delivery.
   
      8. Loveset Maneuver: Helps to deliver the fetal shoulders during a vaginal delivery.

9. Wood's Corkscrew Maneuver: Assists in delivering the fetal head during a breech delivery

10. Rubin Maneuver: Helps to deliver the fetal head during a vaginal delivery.

11. Mauriceau Maneuver: Used to deliver the fetal head during a breech delivery.

     12. Bracht Maneuver: Helps to deliver the fetal head during a breech delivery.

13. Duhrssen Incision: A surgical incision made to widen the vaginal opening during a difficult delivery.

14. Brandt Andrew Maneuver: Used to deliver the fetal shoulders during a vaginal delivery.

15. External Cephalic Version: A procedure to manually turn a breech baby to a head-down position.

16. Kristeller Maneuver: Used to help deliver the fetal head during a vaginal delivery.

17. Ritgen Maneuver: Assists in delivering the fetal head during a vaginal delivery.

18. Pinnard Maneuver: Helps to deliver the fetal head during a breech delivery.

~ These Maneuvers are Used in Various Obstetric Situations to Facilitate Safe & Effective Deliveries ~

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